Zhu Sha (Cinnabar)

Latin Name: Cinnabaris

Properties: sweet, cool, toxic

Actions: calms mind, relieves palpitations, clears heat, removes toxins

Medical Indications: anxiety, restlessness, palpitations, insomnia, sores, carbuncles, mout or nose ulcers, sore throat, snake bites

Contraindications: not to be used during pregnancy, not to be used long-term, do not overdose

Dosage: 0.1 to 0.5 grams

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Zhu Ru (Bamboo Shavings)

Latin Name: Caulis Bambusae in Taeniis

Properties: sweet, slightly cold

Actions: clears heat, transforms phlegm, stops vomiting

Medical Indications: asthma, cough, coughing blood due to lung heat, chest congestion, nausea, morning sickness, irritability, insomnia, acid regurgitation, vomiting

Contraindications: not to be used in cases of nausea and/or vomiting due to stomach cold

Dosage: 4.5 to 9 grams

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Zhu Ling (Polyporus)

Latin Name: Polyporus

Properties: sweet, bland, slightly cool

Actions: drains dampness, promotes urination

Medical Indications: edema, jaundice, difficult and painful urination, spermatorrhea, leucorrhea

Contraindications: not to be used in cases without damp heat

Dosage: 10 to 20 grams

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Zhi Zi (Cape Jasmine Fruit, Gardenia)

Latin Name: Fructus Gardeniae

Properties: bitter, cold

Actions: calms spirit, clears damp heat, reduces toxins, cools blood, stops bleeding

Medical Indications: high fever, delirium, irritability, insomnia, restlessness, chest constriction, jaundice due to damp heat, hematuria, epistaxis, blood in stool or urine, vomiting blood, eye inflammations, boils and sores, bruises, sprains

Contraindications: not to be used in cases of diarrhea, loose stool, or poor appetite due to cold from deficiency

Dosage: 3 to 12 grams

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